Skin and Leather Quality of Ethiopian Indigenous Fat Tailed Hair Sheep as Affected by Breed and Level of Concentrate Supplementation (2025)

The effect of breed on Skin\leather Quality of Sudan Desert Sheep

Journal of African Leather and Leather Products Advances, 2014

This study was carried out to estimate the effect of Sudan Desert sheep breed variations on skin\leather quality. One hundred and fifty (150) pieces of fresh skins from five non-castrated male of Sudan desert breeds (an average age of 1-1.2 years) were collected from west Sudan (Kordofan state) and east Sudan (Gezira and Butana). The results showed that, Fresh skin weight, elongation, tensile strength, flexibility, cracking, tear load, Moisture, fat and chrome oxide contents results were significantly affected (P ≥ 0.05) by breed variations.

The Effect of Natural Pastures Grazing Conditions on Skin\Leather Quality of Sudan Desert Sheep

2014

This study was conducted to estimate the effect of natural pastures grazing conditions on Sudan Desert Sheep Skin\leather quality. Five Sudan desert sheep breeds aged 1- 1.2 years old were used in this experiment. One hundred and fifty (150) pieces of fresh skins from Five (5) non-castrated male of Sudan desert sheep breeds which bring from different geographical area from west Sudan (Kordofan state) and east Sudan (Gezira and Butana). Sheep were divided in two groups according to geographical zone. 15 pieces of sheep skins for each breed were selected from animals grazed at poor pasture areas and similar number were obtained from animals grazed in enriched pasture areas, according to pasture measurements records at each breed locations. The results revealed that, fresh skin weight and Leather cracking load were significantly affected (P ≤ 0.05) by pasture quality. Leather elongation, Tensile strength kg/cm 2 , Thickness values and Flexibility values were not statistically (P ≤ 0.0...

Leather quality of some Sudan desert sheep and goats

Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica, 2016

This trial is aimed to study leather properties that produced from Sudan Desert sheep and goats in relation to breed type and age category. Thirty pieces of fresh sheep and goats skins were collected randomly (15 for each) during January 2015. The collected skins were tanned and the produced leather properties were studied. The Statistix 8 program for variance analysis was used for data analysis. The study samples were taken according to the Complete Randomized Design. Sheep leather results revealed that, lamb's skin was significantly (P ≥0.05) produced better quality leather than ram's and ewe's skins in elongation %, tensile strength (kg cm-2), cracking load (kg), thickness (mm), tear load (kg cm-1), flexibility and moisture %. While it was yielded leather with the same characteristics to ram's and ewe's leather in ash %, fat % and chrome %. Leather prosperities [elongation %, tensile strength (kg cm-2), cracking load (kg), tear load (kg cm-1), flexibility and ash %] were significantly (P ≥0.05) affected by breed variation. On the other hand thickness (mm), moisture %, fat % and chrome% were not significantly (P ≥0.05) affected by breed. Ram's skin was produced better quality leather than ewe's skins. Goat's leather results revealed that, kid goat's skin was significantly (P ≥0.05) produced better quality leather than bucks and doe's skin in tensile strength (kg cm-2), cracking load (kg), thickness (mm), tear load (kg cm-1) and flexibility degree. But kids and buck's skins were produced the same quality leather in elongation % and moisture % with significant variation (P ≥0.05) to doe's leather. Kid's skin yields leather with the same characteristics to buck's and doe's leather in ash %, fat % and chrome %. Generally Desert goats produce slightly better quality leather than Nubian goats. Leather prosperities [cracking load (kg), tear load (kg cm-1) and Ash %] were significantly (P ≥0.05) affected by breed variation. Elongation %, tensile strength (kg cm-2), thickness (mm), moisture %, fat %, flexibility and chrome % were not significantly (P ≥0.05) affected by goats breed.

Effect of Seasonal Changes on Skin\Leather Quality of Sudan Desert Sheep

Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, 2014

This study was achieved to assess the effect of the seasonal changes on the Sudan Desert sheep skin\leather quality. Five Sudan desert sheep breeds were chosen for the study purpose. 150 pieces of fresh skins; non-castrated male desert sheep on an average age 1-1.2 years; were taken as samples for the study analysis. Thirty (30) pieces of skins (10 at winter, 10 at summer and 10 at autumn) were selected for each breed. RCBD (Randomize Complete Block Design) was used for data analysis. The study concluded that, physical properties and chemical characteristics of Sudan desert sheep leather were significantly affected (p≥0.05) by the seasonal changes. Generally, high quality values were recorded at winter season for all leather quality parameters. While fat and moisture contents high values were observed at autumn season and elongation or elasticity high values were obtained at summer season.

Jacinto, M.A.C. et al. Influence of genotype on sheep leather quality.2011

2013

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of crossings between sheep breeds on the intrinsic quality of leather. It was used the skins of 36 lambs (18 females and 18 males), resulting from crosses between ewes of a native breed from the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul and rams of the same native breed as well as the Texel and Santa Inês genetic groups. The animals were raised in confinement until slaughter weight, from 28 to 32 kg. After slaughter, samples were taken from the skins for histological analysis. The skins were tanned with chromium, retanned and greased. It was taken from the leather samples for electromicrographs and for tests for tensile and tear strength (intrinsic quality). Morphological aspects from the skin as well as from the leather help to understand the results found and they evidence that breeds or crossings among breeds interfere in the intrinsic quality of leather and skin of sheep.

Apparent defects and grading of hides and skins in East Gojjam Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Gojjam zone at three woredas (Dejen, Sinan and Awable). Three warehouses from each woreda were purposively selected and used to generate the data from cow hide, sheep and goat skins. 10% of the total stocks were taken randomly from each warehouse and a total of 180 hides, 2250 sheep skin and 765 goat skins were examined by using close observation. Hides and skins were graded according to the standard set by the Ethiopian Quality and Standard Authority. From these amounts, 74 (41.1%) hides, 750 (33.3%) sheep skins, 151 (31.4%) wet salted and 88 (30.9%) air dried goat skins were grade I; 90 (50%) hides, 1380 (61.3%) sheep, 261 (54.4%) wet salted and 168 (58.9%) air dried goat skins were grade II; 16 (8.9%) hides, 120 (5.3%) sheep skins, 67 (14%) wet salted and 29 (10.2%) air dried goat skin were grade III; and 1 (0.2%) wet salted goat skin was grade IV. The leading observed defects that downgrade the hides were filthiness with a value of 142 (17.9%), gouge mark with a value of 140 (17.7%) and poor pattern with a value of 107 (13.5%). Poor pattern and salt pitting on the hide showed a significant difference at P<0.05 significant level. However there is no significant difference on other defects. The observed primary defects on the sheep skin were filthiness with a value of 494 (22%), poor pattern with a value of 319 (14.2%) and gouge mark with a value of 221 (9.8%). Fly cut, poor pattern, salt crystallization and hard spot showed a marked statistical difference at p<0.05 significant level. The most important defects observed on the wet salted goat skin were filthiness with a value of 136 (28.3%), poor pattern with a value of 88 (18.3%) and fly cut with a value of 75 (15.6%). In this case, poor pattern, filthiness, scores, salt crystallization and salt pitting have shown a significant difference between woredas at P<0.05 significant level. Filthiness with a value of 88 (28.8%), poor pattern with a value of 40 (14%) and fly cut with a value of 32 (11.2%) were the forefront defects of air dried goat skin. Fly cut, poor pattern, corduroying, filthiness and weak spot have shown a statistical significant difference at P<0.05 significant level. This indicates that most defects on hides and skins occurred during slaughtering operations. Therefore, more attention should be taken during slaughtering of animals to get quality hides and skins for national as well as international market, and maximize the country's foreign currency exchange.

Skin defects affecting goat skin quality in Tanqua Abergelle district, Northern Ethiopia

2020

Background: Skins of goat are among export animal products of the country that contributes foreign currency earnings. But many skins are rejected in the tanneries of Ethiopia due to their low quality. The purpose of this study was to identify the major defects causing low quality of skins in Tanqua Abergelle districts.Methods: Randomly 60 skins of goat were collected to identify the major defects that degrade the quality of skin in Tanqua Abergelle districts and were analyzed in Sheba Leather Industry at the wet-blue stage of processing.Results: Accordingly the major defects encountered were scratch (83.33), wound (50.00), knife (46.67), improper bleeding (43.33), demodectic mange (20.00), poor substance (18.33), pox/wart (16.67), age (6.67), hole (6.67), crack (5.00), brand mark (1.67) and putrification (1.67), percent respectively. The frequently detected defects were scratch (83.33%) followed by wound (50%) and least detected defects were putrification (1.67%) and brand mark (1.6...

Heterosis and Reciprocal Effect For Body Weight and Leather Properties in Hybrid Goats

ACEH JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE

Identification and evaluation of economically important traits in livestock is central to genetic improvement. The objective of this study was to evaluate heterosis and reciprocal effects for bodyweight and leather properties among progenies of pure and reciprocal crossing of West African Dwarf (WAD) and Red Sokoto (RS) goats. Bodyweights of 96 kids were recorded at birth, weaning and yearling. Skins collected from slaughtered goats at yearling were processed to leather using vegetable tanning approach. The leathers were subjected to physical analysis to determine Thickness, Percentage Elongation (PE), Surface Area, weight and grain properties comprising Load at Crack, Load at Tear, Distension at Crack and Distension at Tear. Heterotic effect for bodyweight was negative at birth (-8.99%) and weaning (-11.15%) but positive at yearling (6.64%). Specific heterosis for bodyweight at yearling was higher for progenies of WAD does serviced with RS bucks. General and specific heterosis were positive for all the leather traits except PE. Specific heterosis was higher when RS does were serviced with WAD bucks. Reciprocal effects for bodyweight reduces with increase in goats' age (Birth > Weaning > Yearling: 9.88 > 6.28 > 5.62).Reciprocal effects for grain properties were generally higher than other leather traits. This study concluded that WAD and RS goats are dissimilar in leather traits and bodyweight at different ages, and that choice of sire or dam for successful crossbreeding programme is trait dependent.

Researches regarding quality of sheep skins obtained from Karakul from Botosani sheep

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 2011

Studies were designed to highlight the quality of sheep skins obtained from the new formed race. The biological material examined was owned by private farms in the North-East of Romania. To emphasize the aesthetic and commercial value of sheep skin were analyzed more properties on which depends this production quality, and working methods used were those accepted in Karakul sheep selection in Romania. Researches were based on the collection, processing and interpretation of data obtained as a result of buckling quality assessment at the Karakul lambs, black variety, produced in 2009 calving season. All traits were assessed in daylight and after investigations it was found that from the total of 986 lambs were subjected to assessments about 98.27% was a black color associated with a high gloss. Also, to the estimated group, the size of loops can be seen in an advanced stage of improvement, because about 90% of sheep produce sheep skins with loops of size and appearance was in full co...

Western Sudan Arabi camel hides attributes and leather quality characteristics

Open Journal of Environmental Biology, 2021

This study was aimed to evaluate camel hide attributes and leather quality characteristics of Western Sudan Arabi camel. Thirty pieces of fresh camel hides from three subtypes of Western Sudan Arabi camel ecotype (10 pieces from each of Kababish, Meidob, and Hawawir subtypes) were collected, cured, and tanned. Physical and chemical quality parameters were assessed. The data were analyzed using the Complete Randomized Block design. The results revealed that Significant differences (P≤0.05) were detected among Western Sudan Arabi camel subtypes fresh hides thickness and weight. Kababish hide thickness and weight were recorded the highest value of 0.155±0.4 cm and 11.7±1.3 Kg respectively in comparison to Meidob (0.145±0.3 cm and 8.6±1.2 Kg) and Hawawir (0.143±0.4 cm and 7.7±2.2 Kg). Kababish hides thickness value was above the minimum Sudanese standard threshold specification for cattle leather quality. While Meidob and Hawawir hide thickness values were blew the minimum Sudanese stan...